The Regulatory Effects of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Natural Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress and Muscle Inflammation Induced by High-Intensity Exercise

Abstract

This paper examines the regulatory effects of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and natural antioxidants on oxidative stress and muscle inflammation induced by high-intensity exercise. High-intensity workouts generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and subsequent muscle inflammation. Antioxidants help neutralize ROS, reduce cellular damage, and support muscle recovery. Vitamins C and E play specific roles, with Vitamin C targeting aqueous environments and Vitamin E protecting lipid membranes, while natural antioxidants like polyphenols and flavonoids provide additional anti-inflammatory benefits. However, the effectiveness of antioxidants varies based on dosage, timing, and individual factors such as fitness levels and dietary habits. This paper discusses the benefits and limitations of antioxidants for recovery, emphasizing a balanced approach to avoid the risks of excessive use, which may suppress natural training adaptations. Findings highlight the importance of personalized antioxidant strategies in athletic recovery to support both short-term recovery and long-term performance adaptations.