Impact of Declining Fertility Rates on the Demand for Family Care Labor in Latin America

Abstract

This paper explores the impact of declining fertility rates on the demand for family care labor in Latin America, a region undergoing significant demographic transformations. As fertility rates have decreased across the continent, the availability of informal, family-based care labor has diminished, creating a widening gap in care provision, particularly for the elderly population. The study examines the historical and regional variations in fertility trends, the evolving role of family care labor, and the socio-economic implications of these changes. Through case studies of Brazil, Mexico, and Chile, the paper highlights the challenges and opportunities presented by these demographic shifts, emphasizing the need for comprehensive policy responses to support both informal caregivers and the burgeoning professional care sector. The paper concludes by offering policy recommendations aimed at enhancing family support systems, strengthening professional care services, and promoting gender equality in caregiving roles, ensuring a sustainable and equitable approach to care in Latin America.