Journal of World Economy

The Significance of American Antitrust Policy in Reduction of Global Market Concentration

Revaz Lordkipanidze — 2025-10-31

In the conducted generalization about the issues for evolution of views on perfect competition and, accordingly, antitrust policy, the tendency of a significant reduction in market concentration in the world is emphasized, which is associated with the reasonable antitrust policy of the modern USA. The author, using the methodology of the laws of physics, recommends maximum observance of the atomic balance in the core of market competition and proposes optimization of a freer tax burden on corporate profits and personal income. The race for growth of quantitative indicators of competitors led to a decrease in qualitative results and significant losses from overproduction. The work analyzes and identifies the possible reasons for excessive market concentration in detailed subcategories of even the most developed market. According to the author’s conclusion, this was the reasonable antitrust policy that determined the best optimal rates of economic growth and taxes among the most promising economies.

Compliance Risks and Technical Pathways for Cross-Border E-Commerce Enterprises Interfacing with the U.S. ACE System

Wanyu Li — 2025-10-31

Against the backdrop of the global cross-border e-commerce market’s rapid expansion—with transactions projected to reach $2.5 trillion by 2025 (UNCTAD, 2023)—the U.S. Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) system, which processes over 95% of U.S. import declarations, has become a critical regulatory barrier for enterprises entering the U.S. market. This study systematically identifies four core compliance risks faced by cross-border e-commerce enterprises when interfacing with the ACE system: data timeliness risk, coding accuracy risk, traceability risk, and privacy protection risk. By integrating the technical practice of Beijing Mint Information Consulting Co., Ltd.’s “Cross-Border Trade Express” system, a three-tiered integration architecture (interface layer-data layer-application layer) is proposed, and targeted technical solutions are developed for each risk dimension. Empirical validation through 12 enterprise cases (8 successful, 4 failed) shows that: (1) The three-tiered architecture reduces data transmission latency by 83.3% (from an average of 30 minutes to <5 minutes) and improves data submission timeliness compliance rate from 62% to 98%; (2) The coding rule engine integrated with customs standards cuts coding error rates from 10% (industry average) to 1.2%, avoiding tariff overpayments and fines averaging $420,000 per enterprise annually; (3) The blockchain-based traceability system enhances supply chain information completeness by 92%, reducing goods detention duration by an average of 68%; (4) AES-256 encryption and role-based access control reduce data breach risks by 97%, fully complying with U.S. Privacy Act requirements.

This study fills the theoretical gap in the integration of technical architecture and regulatory compliance for ACE system interfacing, and provides a replicable technical framework for cross-border e-commerce enterprises. The research results have been validated in practice: enterprises adopting the proposed solutions achieve a 47% reduction in ACE-related penalties and a 35% improvement in customs clearance efficiency, significantly enhancing their competitiveness in the U.S. market.

Green Synthesis of APEO-Free Textile Printing and Dyeing Auxiliaries and Their Market Adaptability in the International Arena

Dongmei Shi — 2025-10-31

This research endeavors to develop a green synthesis process for APEO-free textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries and to analyze their market adaptability on the international stage. By optimizing raw materials and process conditions, an efficient and environmentally friendly green synthesis process was successfully established, completely replacing the traditional APEO. The synthesized auxiliaries exhibit remarkable performance in both physicochemical properties and auxiliary functions, with surface tension as low as 28 mN/m, emulsification stability exceeding 90%, a 15% increase in dye uptake, and a color fastness rating elevated to level 4. Through the implementation of a differentiated product strategy, flexible pricing strategy, diversified channel strategy, and comprehensive promotional strategy, the competitiveness of these auxiliaries in the international market has been significantly enhanced. This study not only provides technical guidance for the green synthesis of APEO-free textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries but also offers valuable references for the sustainable development of China’s textile printing and dyeing auxiliary industry.