Climate Shift Observation in Nigeria: The General Impact on the Climatic Zones

Abstract

This study examines the impacts of climate change across Nigeria’s diverse climatic, and ecological zones, including the Sahelian, Sudanian, Guinea Savannah, Mangrove, freshwater, and rainforest regions. Over the past 50 years, significant temperature increases and erratic precipitation patterns have led to substantial declines in agricultural productivity, particularly in staple crops like maize, sorghum, cassava, and yams. Water bodies and such as Lake Chad and the Niger River, have shrunk considerably, exacerbating water scarcity issues. Health impacts include rising incidences of vector-borne diseases and heat-related illnesses. Climate models project further temperature increases and extreme weather events by 2050, underscoring the need for robust adaptation and mitigation strategies. Community-driven adaptation efforts are in place but require enhanced support for greater effectiveness. This comprehensive analysis highlights the urgent need for coordinated action to ensure Nigeria’s socio-economic stability and environmental sustainability. Residences of most of Nigerian cities are complaining of heat wave, people tend to tire out without easily, it has been observed the fan are blowing hot air.