A Study on the Application of Modern Ecological Insulation Technologies in Rammed Earth and Mud-Grass Buildings in Cold Climates: Optimization and Adaptability Analysis of Phase Change Materials and Breathable Insulating Coatings

Abstract

Traditional rammed earth and mud-grass buildings in Russia’s cold climates suffer from heat loss, condensation, and freeze-thaw degradation. This study explores the application of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) and breathable insulating coatings to enhance their thermal efficiency and durability. Laboratory tests showed that PCM-enhanced walls improved heat storage capacity and reduced thermal conductivity by 30-40%, increasing indoor temperatures by 5-8°C. Breathable coatings enhanced moisture permeability by 80-90%, preventing condensation and mold growth. Field experiments in Yakutsk and Omsk confirmed that PCM-integrated structures required 30-40% less heating energy. While these technologies offer sustainable insulation solutions, challenges related to cost and long-term durability remain. Future research should focus on cost optimization and large-scale implementation strategies to support sustainable cold-climate architecture.