Current Research in Medical Sciences

Metabolism of Some Drugs Which Contain Carbonyl Group Make It Stereogenic Drug by Reductase Enzyme

2025-12-15T08:40:32+00:00

The metabolism is biotransformation refers to the processes by which the body chemically alters drugs, transforming them into different chemical compounds called metabolites. One of these processes is reduction of the drugs by reductase enzyme which add hydrogen to the compound, e.g. acetohexamide (oral hypoglycemic drug), loxoprofen (analgesic), haloperidol (antipsychotic drug), oxisuran (immunosuppressive agent), bupropion (antidepressant drug). All of these drugs contain a carbonyl group, which is reduced by reductase enzyme and converted into a chiral carbon, which makes the drug stereogenic.

The Impact of Traditional Chinese Non-Pharmacological Therapies on Blood Pressure Control in Community Patients with Hypertension

2025-12-15T08:54:26+00:00

In the context of the “mean target attainment” bottleneck in community hypertension management in the United States, this study innovatively focuses on blood pressure variability (BPV), a key indicator that has been largely overlooked. Through a large-scale cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in 12 federally qualified health centers in Dallas County, Texas, 913 patients with typical high-salt diets and sedentary lifestyles were randomly assigned to a 12-week standardized acupoint massage and Shenque acupoint plaster intervention, while maintaining ACEI/ARB-based treatment. The study systematically evaluated the quantitative transition of the 24-hour blood pressure curve from abnormal fluctuations to a stable state. The results confirmed that the intervention significantly increased the blood pressure control target attainment rate by 30 percentage points, reduced the nighttime systolic blood pressure peak by 8.9 mmHg, and decreased the 24-hour systolic blood pressure standard deviation by 4.0 mmHg. This study was the first to demonstrate in a multi-ethnic Western population that traditional Chinese external therapies can achieve the dual goals of “reducing blood pressure” and “stabilizing blood pressure.” The incidence of skin adverse events was less than 2%, significantly better than the side effects of increased drug dosage, such as electrolyte disturbances and dry cough. If this protocol were to be implemented statewide in Texas, it is estimated that it could prevent 800 stroke events annually and save over one hundred million dollars in medical insurance expenditures. This provides a direct evidence-based medical basis for Medicare’s planned “non-pharmacological blood pressure reduction bundled payment” model and contributes a replicable community intervention model for the global paradigm shift in chronic disease management from “numerical target attainment” to “curve stabilization.”

A Study on the “Tiered-Gamification” Model for Language Rehabilitation Training in Children with Special Needs

2025-12-23T09:40:11+00:00

This study addresses the challenge of sub-60% engagement rates in conventional mechanical training for children with language delays by developing a “Three-Tier Gamified” rehabilitation model grounded in Montessori pedagogy, validated through a 12-week quasi-experimental design. Sixty children aged 4–7 years with language quotients of 50–85 on the S-S Method assessment were randomly assigned to experimental groups (basic, intermediate, and advanced tiers) and a control group. The experimental groups received a three-tiered gamified protocol adapted with Montessori materials, while the control group underwent traditional training. Results demonstrated a 52.6% increase in training duration and a surge in active engagement from 30% to 87% in the experimental groups, with an attrition rate of only 8% compared to 25% in controls. Linguistically, vocabulary acquisition reached 2.5 new words per week versus 1.5 in controls; mean length of utterance (MLU) increased from 3.2 to 4.8 words, and syntactic complexity index rose by 3.2 points. One-month follow-up revealed a 73% generalization success rate among families implementing extended home-based games, confirming real-world transferability. The study innovates by proposing a theoretical framework of “Montessori Adaptation for Language Rehabilitation,” (Roberts, M. Y., & Kaiser, A. P., 2015) constructing a dual-core “Engagement-Efficacy” evaluation model, and developing a standardized package of 3-tiered, 12-session game protocols with a 15-minute dynamic assessment tool. This provides a standardized, dynamically adjustable, and engaging solution for language rehabilitation in special children, advancing special education from passive reception to active participation.

Revisiting Neurological Disorders Through the Lens of Excitation–Inhibition Balance

2025-12-25T09:59:05+00:00

The balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) is a core principle of neural computation and stability. This paper reexamines neurological and psychiatric disorders through the lens of E/I homeostasis, proposing that disruptions in this equilibrium form a shared mechanism underlying diverse clinical manifestations. Integrating evidence from molecular neuroscience, circuit physiology, and computational modeling, the study outlines how synaptic scaling, inhibitory plasticity, and intrinsic excitability sustain neural stability across temporal and spatial scales. Disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and epilepsy are interpreted as distinct outcomes of imbalance within this system, shaped by genetic and environmental convergence. Clinically, altered E/I ratios manifest as cognitive, perceptual, and affective dysfunctions driven by disordered oscillatory coordination. The therapeutic section highlights approaches aimed at restoring balance—ranging from modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling to non-invasive brain stimulation and neurofeedback training. Conceptually, this framework unifies psychiatric and neurological research within a single systems-level model, viewing mental health as the capacity of neural networks to maintain adaptive equilibrium between excitation and inhibition.

Cultural Stigma and Emotional Suppression in the Experience of Postpartum Depression Among Chinese Mothers

2025-12-25T10:02:29+00:00

Postpartum depression (PPD) has emerged as a growing public health and cultural concern in China, where rapid modernization intersects with enduring moral traditions. Despite increasing awareness of mental health, cultural ideals of endurance, self-sacrifice, and emotional restraint continue to shape how Chinese mothers experience and express psychological distress. Drawing on sociocultural, philosophical, and institutional perspectives, this paper explores how shame, silence, and moral expectations surrounding motherhood contribute to the invisibility of postpartum depression. It examines the historical roots of emotional suppression in Confucian and Daoist thought, the intergenerational pressures that reinforce compliance and concealment, and the digital performance of happiness that perpetuates unrealistic maternal ideals. The discussion highlights how institutional neglect and family-based moral frameworks transform emotional suffering into a private, morally charged experience rather than a recognized condition deserving of care. By reinterpreting vulnerability as a form of moral strength and advocating for culturally grounded destigmatization strategies, the paper proposes pathways toward empathy-centered maternal healthcare and a redefined moral understanding of emotional expression in China. Postpartum depression, viewed through this lens, reflects not only individual pain but also the broader moral and emotional transformation of a society balancing modern individuality with collective harmony.